Cirugía precoz en aneurisma cerebral roto con recuperación del Sistema Glinfático: reporte de caso
Early surgery in ruptured cerebral aneurysm with Glymphatic System recovery: case report
Leónidas Quintana Marín
Resumen
Presentamos el caso de un paciente varón de 62 años con hemorragia subaracnoidea (HSA) .La angiografía computarizada (Angio-TAC) mostró un aneurisma de la arteria cerebral media izquierda (ACM), con dos mamelones rotos y cuello ancho, y otro aneurisma en la bifurcación de la arteria carótida interna izquierda (ACI). También se detectó hidrocefalia aguda. Se realizó una cirugía precoz para clipar el aneurisma roto (antes de 48 horas de evolución de la HSA), y además se efectuó una cisternostomía amplia, abriendo la cisura de Silvio y las cisternas basales adyacentes, evacuando un hematoma temporal e irrigando extensamente las cisternas basales para eliminar los coágulos sanguíneos. Esta técnica se describe en éste articulo, gráficamente mediante diagramas y fotografías, que muestran cómo se restablece la circulación normal del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) después de esta operación. En la HSA posterior a la ruptura de un aneurisma, especialmente si la lesión cerebral precoz implicó una alta carga sanguínea, el aumento de la presión intracisternal fuerza al LCR hacia el parénquima cerebral, causando edema cerebral adicional y lesión cerebral secundaria, lo cual se puede detener si la cirugía integral del aneurisma es precoz. La cisternostomía es un procedimiento intraoperatorio de rutina en la cirugía de aneurismas, pero debe realizarse con mayor extensión y profundidad minuciosa cuando existe una alta carga sanguínea. Así, este procedimiento se considera que puede restaurar la circulación normal del LCR, dentro de su función en el sistema glinfático. Según las referencias analizadas hasta el momento, el fenómeno de restauración del sistema glinfático no se ha descrito previamente de forma objetiva mediante imágenes intraoperatorias y esquemas en seres humanos que sufren una HSA aneurismática.
Palabras clave
Abstract
We present the case of a 62-year-old male patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Computed angiography (CTA) revealed an aneurysm of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA), with two ruptured lobes and a wide neck, and another aneurysm at the bifurcation of the left internal carotid artery (ICA). Acute hydrocephalus was also detected. Early surgery was performed to clip the ruptured aneurysm (within 48 hours of SAH onset), and a wide cisternostomy was also performed, opening the Sylvian fissure and adjacent basal cisterns, evacuating a temporal hematoma, and extensively irrigating the basal cisterns to remove blood clots. This technique is described in this article, graphically using diagrams and photographs, which show how normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation is restored after this operation. In SAH following aneurysm rupture, especially if the early brain injury involved a high blood load, the increased intracisternal pressure forces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the brain parenchyma, causing further cerebral edema and secondary brain injury. This can be prevented with early comprehensive aneurysm surgery. Cisternostomy is a routine intraoperative procedure in aneurysm surgery, but it must be performed more extensively and with greater precision when a high blood load is present. This procedure is believed to restore normal CSF circulation within the glymphatic system. Based on the literature reviewed to date, the phenomenon of glymphatic system restoration has not been previously described objectively using intraoperative imaging and diagrams in humans with aneurysmal SAH.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
04/12/2026
Accepted date:
04/25/2026
Publication date:
06/16/2026
